Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights:#1 The term racial is used to describe a pattern of oppression of one group of people by another. It is not an automatic promotion to oppressor, and historically, racial dissimilarities have not only been artificially used, they are themselves artificial.#2 By considering racial oppression in terms of the substantive, the operative element, namely oppression, it is possible to avoid the contradictions and absurdities that result from attempts to splice genetics and sociology.#3 The attitude and behavior of Anglo-Americans towards African-Americans and American Indians is clearly racial oppression, but when racial oppression is defined in terms of its operational principles, the exclusion of the Irish case becomes clear.#4 The analogy between the English and Spanish treatment of the Irish and the American Indians and Africans was made by historians such as W. K. Sullivan, who compared the social role of the non-gentry Protestants in Ireland and the poor whites in America.