This book analyses the transformations in hospital administration, highlighting the transition to New Public Management and its implications for healthcare management. It explores innovative strategies and practices that promote excellence, from the first public management models to the post-crisis adaptations of 2008, using practical examples and case studies. Emphasising future challenges and opportunities, the book addresses Portuguese hospital governance, reform strategies and emerging trends. With a holistic approach, it is a valuable resource for hospital administrators, healthcare professionals and students, providing inspiration and guidance to face future challenges with confidence and innovation.