Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book.Sample Book Insights: #1 The city of Peru-nefer, in the Nile delta of Lower Egypt, was excavated by the Austrian archaeologist Manfred Bietak and his team. It was a Minoan city that had been conquered by Thutmose III around 1477 BC. The city had been known as Avaris, capital city of the Hyksos, until it was captured by Thutmose’s ancestor Kamose around 1550 BC.#2 The Hyksos were a group of Semites who invaded Egypt and ruled it for nearly two centuries, from 1720 to 1550 BC. They were the first foreign rulers of Egypt, and their success may have been due to their advantage in weapons technology and first-strike capability.#3 The final battle against the Hyksos, which took place in about 1550 BC, was won by the Egyptians. They expelled the Hyksos from the land, and established the Eighteenth Dynasty, begun by Kamose’s brother Ahmose.#4 The city of Avaris was rebuilt during this period, and was renamed Peru-nefer. It was a flourishing city, and was home to many Minoan-style frescoes.